What are the underlying factors behind the great revolts that began in Indian villages

• Land ownership: The unequal distribution of land, with a significant concentration in the hands of a few, is a major factor. Large-scale corporate agriculture displaces small farmers, leading to widespread landlessness and marginalization.
• Economic distress: Farmers face mounting debt, low crop prices, lack of access to credit, and inadequate irrigation facilities. These economic hardships push them towards desperation and fuel their discontent.
• Lack of government support: Insufficient investment in rural development, inadequate agricultural infrastructure, and ineffective welfare policies exacerbate the problems faced by farmers, eroding their trust in the government.
• Corruption: Rampant corruption in agricultural institutions creates a breeding ground for grievances. Misallocation of funds, embezzlement, and bribery deprive farmers of their entitlements, worsening their plight.
• Exploitation by middlemen: Farmers are often exploited by middlemen and traders who manipulate prices and market mechanisms. This exploitation leads to further impoverishment and resentment.
• Social inequality: Caste-based disparities and discrimination persist in rural India, perpetuating social injustice and contributing to the sense of injustice among marginalized farmers.

The impact of these factors is reflected in widespread protests, farmers' movements, and social unrest in Indian villages. These revolts demand fair land distribution, better agricultural policies, enhanced access to credit, improved infrastructure, and an end to corruption. They have also highlighted the urgent need for comprehensive agrarian reforms and equitable development to address the systemic issues underlying the revolts.